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Fig. 2. Electricity generation in July 29, 2019, in Portugal. Wind represented
43,5% of all resources, pumping amounted to 6,7% of the national consumption,
as seen by the TSO REN. Source: REN (2019).

At the same time, projections by Deloitte, see Walton
(2020), suggest that the share of new electric vehicles (EV)
sales in China will reach 48% in 2030, ahead of the Euro-
pean Union (42%) and almost the double of the United States
(27%), with a world average of about 30%. EVs introduce ano-
ther landscape change at many levels and a promised huge
impact favourable to the de-carbonization objectives.
The share of the transport sector in national energy
consumption is about 30% – actually, 30.8% in the European
Union in 2017, according to the EUROSTAT (2020), or 32.7%
in Brazil in the same year, according to the Brazilian Govern-
ment, see Governo Federal (2018). Almost the totality of the
energy consumption in the transport sector is from fossil fuels.
Therefore, the important transition from internal combustion
engines (ICE) to electric vehicles represents a huge potential
saving in greenhouse gas emissions in final consumption –
but one must consider that more electricity must be genera-
ted.
Of course, it is logical to assume that the extra genera-
tion needed to respond to the extra demand from EVs should

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