Page 162 - UNAM-GCUB2022

Power 4.0 for Human and Electric Energy Activities:
A Suggestive Overview and Impact on the Global Energy
Challenges.

Vladimiro Miranda.
Full Professor Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do
Porto.
Associate Director at INESC TEC, International Affairs.

Future 4.0

Industry 4.0 is a label originally coined to denote new thinking
about the penetration of smart technologies in the manufac-
turing industry, but whose underlying concepts have been fin-
ding an enlarged application domain. One of such domains
is the power and energy sector, in itself undergoing a radical
transformation with the increasing penetration of renewable
sources and new battery storage, either in concentrated or
dispersed form, and the adoption of smart grids concepts.
It assumes that the world is now at a fourth stage of
industrial development (recognized in Germany as the 4th
Industrial Revolution), after a 3.0 step, related to the so-ca-
lled digital revolution, mainly concerned with the automation
of repetitive tasks and introducing the support of information
systems to some marginal processes, up to a stage where
integrated information systems emerged and nuclear proces-
ses became fully supported by information systems – i.e., the
focus was on digitization and connectivity. One could say that
Industry 3.0 has been the era of data.

Fig. 1. Conceptual evolution steps of the power systems: equipment → network
→ automation → cyber-physical, structurally translated into: isolated systems →
analog systems → electronic systems → digital systems.

162